摘    要：对于中考试题的研究很多学者主要关注试题对学生知识点的考查，对于初中科学课程的性质、基本理念、目标，中学生的学习心理考查往往关注不够。

分析中考试题中的科学课程本质和学生学习心理，有助于教师在教学中加强对学生科学方法的培养，鉴于此，本文以杭州市为范围，运用了文献法、归纳法、图表法等方法，对在杭州市近几年科学中考试卷进行初步研究： 

首先分析初中科学课程的性质、基本理念、目标，再分析中学生的学习心理。然后对2011-2017年五年的中考试题进行详细的考点分析以及计算物理化学生物地理在一份科学中考试卷中所占的比例，最后进行了2011年至2017年的中考试题总体分析，从试卷分布格局和考点两方面，并且又在科学学科中考试题的出题方向和命题错误倾向两方面进行了分析。

结合近几年杭州市科学中考试题的分析研究，提出了初中科学教学中科学方法教育的教学建议。

Abstract：As for the test research of many scholars focus on try to investigate the students' knowledge, for the nature of the junior middle school science curriculum, the basic concept, goal, high school students learning psychology test is often not enough.

Analysis of the test of nature of science curriculum and students' learning psychology, help teachers in teaching students to strengthen the cultivation of the scientific method, in view of this, based on a range of hangzhou, using literature method, the methods of induction, chart method, to preliminary examination paper in hangzhou in recent years, scientific research:

In the first place, analyze the nature, basic concepts, goals of the junior high school science curriculum. and then analyze the learning psychology of middle school students. In the second place , conduct a detailed analysis of the five-year mid-term examination questions in 2011-2017 and calculate the physical chemistry biogeography accounted for in a scientific examination paper. In the final analysis, the overall analysis of the mid-term examination questions from 2011 to 2017 was carried out, from both the distribution pattern of the test papers and the test points, and the analysis was also conducted on the issue directions and propositional error bias of the test questions in the science subjects.

Combining with the analysis and research of the examination questions in the science of Hangzhou in recent years, the teaching Suggestions of education in science teaching in junior middle school are put forward.

关键字：初中科学课程； 中考试题； 考点；

Keyword : Junior high school science courses ; Exam test questions ; centers ;

目录

1．引言 1

1.1初中科学课程的分析 1

1.2中学生学习心理 1

2. 杭州市2011—2017年科学中考试题分析 2

2.1杭州市2011年中考试题分析 2

2.2杭州市2012年中考试题分析 3

2.3杭州市2013年中考试题分析 5

2.4杭州市2014年中考试题分析 6

2.5杭州市2015年中考试题分析 8

2.6杭州市2016年中考试题分析 10

2.7杭州市2017年中考试题分析 11

3.对 杭州市2011—2017年科学中考试题进行总体分析 13

3.1杭州市科学学科中考试题出题方向分析 杭州市科学中考试题研究:http://www.chuibin.com/wuli/lunwen_206013.html