摘 要:自陶渊明创作《桃花源记并诗》以来，“桃源”这一意象就成了代表知识分子阶层的“文 士”心目中的共同体社会的代名词。无独有偶，元末明初时期，罗贯中在《三国演义》中虚 构了“桃园结义”这个情节，给脱离了现实社会、被排除在主流文化之外“游民”重新构建 了“桃园”这个共同体社会。此后，对这个共同体社会的向往之情被深深地印刻在他们各自 的文化传统中。为什么两个并行而鲜有交集的社会群体，都选取了“桃源”或者“桃园”寄 托人生理想？本文将主要通过对《桃花源记并诗》和“桃园结义”（《三国演义》）的深入 分析，来探寻中国文化中的共同体情怀，并从中透视中国社会传统文化的特征。

关键词：文士； 游民； 桃源； 桃园； 共同体

Abstract:Since Tao yuanming wrote "the peach garden and poem", the image of "peach" has became synonymous with people’s idea of a social community.

Similarly, In the Yuan dynasty and Ming dynasty transitional period , Luo guanzhong’s made up a plot of "Taoyuan sworn" in "the romance of The Three Kingdoms" , to give the "homeless" who is away from the real society and excluded from mainstream culture recreated "Taoyuan" community of the society. Since then, the yearning for the community society has been deeply engraved in their respective cultural traditions.Why do two social groups with little overlap have  chosen "Taoyuan" or "Taoyuan" to place their dreams? This article will mainly through the in-depth analysis of "the peach garden and poem" and "Taoyuan sworn" ("The romance of The Three Kingdoms") , to explore the community of feelings in Chinese culture, and from the perspective of the traditional culture of Chinese society.

Keyword: literati; Homeless people; peach; Taoyuan; Community

目 录

前 言 4

一、 中国文学中的“共同体”情怀 4

二、 文士的“桃源梦” 5

（一）古今文人的“桃源梦” 5

（二）文士“桃源梦”的内涵 6

1.文士理想的寄托处 6

2.文士的心灵栖息地 8

3.文士的内儒外道精神 9

三、 江湖的“桃园情” 10

（一）被忽略的游民文化 10

（二）游民阶层的“桃园情”及其内涵 11

1.游民阶层寄托理想的庇护所 11

2.游民对归宿的渴望 12

结 语 13

参考文献 14

致谢 14

前 言

东晋田园诗人陶渊明（365？— 427）在他的作品《桃花源记并诗》①里为人们勾勒出了 一幅为后世所向往的人人丰衣足食、和平安定的世外桃源生活。《桃花源记》从此为后世中 国文人塑造了隐逸精神的原型，成为了内儒外道精神的延伸，也从侧面折射出了中国古代历 史中士大夫阶层对“世外桃源”这个共同体社会的渴望。 文士的“桃源梦”与江湖的“桃园情”中国古典文学中的共同体情怀:http://www.chuibin.com/wenxue/lunwen_205795.html