RasGEF1b在少突胶质细胞中的时空表达模式研究

摘要：少突胶质细胞在中枢神经系统中是一种成髓鞘的神经胶质细胞，髓鞘由包裹神经元的轴突形成。生物研究中发现不管是髓鞘缺失还是脱髓鞘会导致一系列的神经系统病变，其中常见的阿尔茨海默症（Alzheimer disease，AD）、脊髓损伤、多发硬化症状（multiple sclerosis，MS）等神经退行性疾病都与脱髓鞘密切相关。在现代生物研究热门话题中研究少突胶质细胞如何运用各类转录因子以及多种信号通路综合调控少突胶质细胞的发育，具有很大的研究前景和合适的选题方向。通过研究少突胶质细胞是如何通过各种信号通路和转录因子来控制其发育的，能为解决髓鞘再生，研发神经损伤药物提供新的理论及基础并开拓了新的解题方向。在查阅大量的文献和报告后，我们通过转录组高通量测序发现基因RasGEF1b在成熟的少突胶质细胞中表达较高，为了验证这一结果，本课题旨在细胞和体内水平揭示基因RasGEF1b在少突胶质细胞发育中的时空表达模式。其关键技术为原位杂交技术，利用原位杂交技术，我们能从实验结果图看出RasGEF1b基因在少突胶体细胞中的表达时期，从而确定基因在中枢神经系统中的时空表达模式。通过实验结果分析，我认为RasGEF1b在少突胶质的发育中有着重要作用。但同时，这仅仅是少突胶质细胞研究的沧海一粟，我们对此的研究还知之甚少，还有很多问题和发现值得我们去探索解决。

关键词：少突胶质；原位杂交；信号通路；髓鞘

Oligodendrocytes are myelinated glial cells in the central nervous system. The myelin is formed by the axons encapsulating the neurons. Biological studies have found that whether myelin deficiency or demyelination results in a series of neurological diseases, including common Alzheimer disease (AD), spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis (MS), etc. Neurodegenerative diseases are all closely related to demyelination. In the hot topic of modern biological research, the study of how oligodendrocytes use various transcription factors and multiple signal pathways to regulate the development of oligodendrocytes has a great prospect and a suitable selection direction. By studying how oligodendrocytes control their development through a variety of signal pathways and transcription factors, it can provide a new theory and foundation for solving myelin regeneration and developing nerve injury drugs and opens new directions for solving problems. After consulting a large number of documents and reports, we found that RasGEF1b gene is highly expressed in mature oligodendrocytes through high-throughput transcriptome sequencing. To verify this result, this subject aims to reveal the gene RasGEF1b at the cellular and in vivo levels. Spatio-temporal expression patterns in oligodendrocyte development. The key technique is in situ hybridization. Using the in situ hybridization technique, we can see from the experimental results the expression of RasGEF1b gene in oligodendrocytes and determine the temporal and spatial expression pattern of the gene in the central nervous system. From the analysis of the experimental results, I believe that RasGEF1b plays an important role in the development of oligodendrocytes. But at the same time, this is only the bucket of the study of glial cells, we do not know much about this, there are many problems and discoveries worth exploring and solving.

Keyword: Oligodendrocyte； In situ hybridization； signal path；Myelin sheath

1 引言 5

1.1中枢神经系统及其发育 5

1.2 少突胶质细胞 5

1.2.1少突胶质细胞的起源和发育 RasGEF1b在少突胶质细胞中的时空表达模式研究:http://www.chuibin.com/shengwu/lunwen_206527.html