摘要： 传统的有机合成化学给环境带来的污染已十分严重，同时也威胁着人类的生存。从绿色化学的角度出发，利用低毒又廉价的混合溶剂进行相关的研究是有机合成化学的重要课题。绿色化学核心的理念就是无有毒性、绿色、并且环保。绿色化学为人类解决污染问题，实现经济的可持续发展提供了有效的手段，也是实现社会可持续发展的重要途径之一。

本论文以乙酰乙酸乙酯为反应底物，以低毒的三氯异氰尿酸为氯代试剂，以乙酸乙酯为反应溶剂，以易降解的氯化胆碱为催化剂，探究发生在40 ℃下的二氯代反应。该反应具有原料毒性低，反应条件比较温和，同时催化剂成本低易降解，产物易于纯化且产率较高的特点，基本符合绿色化学的要求。反应的温度控制为40 ℃，并探讨出反应物料之间最佳的摩尔数之比，然后调整具体的反应时间，使产物的收率达到最大，并尽可能多的得到具有高选择性的氯代物的最优合成路线。实验结果表明：当以乙酸乙酯为溶剂和萃取剂，乙酰乙酸乙酯与TCCA的比例为1:1，乙酰乙酸乙酯与氯化胆碱的比例在为4:1，乙酸乙酯的用量为20 mL，产物实际的产量最大，得到1.84 g无色油状液体，产率为92.5 %。

关键词： 乙酸乙酯；氯化胆碱；绿色化学；乙酰乙酸乙酯

Study On α-Dichloro Reactions Of Ketone Compounds Catalyzed By Degradable Substances

Abstract: Traditional organic synthetic chemistry has brought very serious pollution to the environment and at the same time threatens the survival of human beings. From the perspective of green chemistry, the major topic in organic synthetic chemistry is the use of low toxicity and inexpensive mixed solvents for conducting correlative research. The core idea of green chemistry is non-toxic, green and environmentally friendly. Green chemistry provides an effective means for solving pollution problems and achieves economic sustainable development, which is also one of the important ways to achieve social sustainable development.

In this thesis, reaction material was ethyl acetoacetate, low-toxic trichloro isocyanuric (TCCA) as chlorinated reagent and ethyl acetate as the reaction solvent, with using easily degradable 2-Hydroxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride as catalyst, explored the dichlorination reaction that occured at 40 ℃. The reaction has the advantages of low toxicity ,the reaction condition is mild, the cost is low, the catalyst is easy to degrade, and the product yield is high, simple purification and so on, which basically meets the requirements of green chemistry.The temperature of the reaction was controlled at 40 ℃ and the ratio of the optimal molar ratio between the reaction materials was discussed. Then the specific reaction time was adjusted so that the yield of the product was maximized. And we try to find out the optimal synthesis route for obtaining as many possible as high selectivity chlorine compounds. The results of the experiment show that when using ethyl acetate as solvent and extractant, the ratio of ethyl acetoacetate to TCCA is 1:1, the ratio of ethyl acetoacetate to choline chloride is 4:1, and the amount of ethyl acetate is 20 mL, the actual yield was the highest, obtaining 1.84 g of a colorless oil liquid with the production rate was 92.5%.

Keywords: Ethyl acetate;Choline chloride; Green chemistry; Ethyl acetoacetate

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摘要 i

Abstract i

目录 iii

1 绪论 1

1.1 环境易降解物质的性质和用途 1 可降解物质参与的酮类化合物α位二氯代反应研究:http://www.chuibin.com/huaxue/lunwen_205532.html