摘 要：随着中国林业的快速发展，越来越多的工程机械投入到林业生产作业活动中。而 且我国是一个林业大国，森林覆盖面积大、森林分布区域广、各林区地质不同导致各 个林区生产工况也不尽相同，这就对于不同工况下工程机械的要求越来越高，许多新 型装载机也应运而生。

鹰嘴抱叉抓木装载机主要完成对林区已经砍伐并堆垛在一起的圆木进行输送并 装车的工作。本论文主要就是针对广西林区林业生产作业过程中使用的鹰嘴抱叉抓木 装载机中抱叉属具装置的结构设计与计算。

本课题首先运用 PRO/E 和 CAD 等软件完成鹰嘴抱叉属具的结构设计、三维模型 的建立和二维工程图的设计，然后确定液压系统方案并设计并完成液压原理图的设 计，最后运用 ANSYS 有限元软件对鹰嘴抱叉关键部位进行强度校核计算，并根据结 果对结构进行修改，最终完成本课题。

关键词：工程机械；装载机；鹰嘴抱叉；结构设计

Abstract：With the rapid development of China's forestry,more and more engineering machinery are applied to the forestry production activities.With China is a large forestry country,forest cover area is large,the forest distribution area is wide,and the forest geological differences forestry production conditions are not the same that lead to the production conditions of various forest areas are not the same,which for different conditions of mechanical requirements are getting higher and higher.Many new loader were came into being.

The olecranon fork loader mainly completes the work of conveying and loading the logs that have been cut and stacked in the forest.This paper is mainly aimed at the structural design and calculation of the olecranon fork used in the process of forestry production in Guangxi forest area.

First of all,I have completed the structural design of olecranon fork,The establishment of three-dimensional model and the design of engineering drawings by using PRO / E and CAD software.Then I determined the hydraulic system program and designed and completed the design of the hydraulic schematic,Finally,I used ANSYS and other finite element software to check the strength of the key parts of the olecranon fork, and modify the structure according to the results, and finally complete the subject.

Keywords: Engineering machinery;loader;olecranon fork;Structural design

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.1.1 国外现状 1

1.1.2 国内现状 3

1.1.3 主要存在问题与发展趋势 4

1.2 研究内容 4

1.3 论文结构 5

1.4 本章小结 5

第二章 装载机结构与工作流程 6

2.1 装载机简介 6

2.1.1 装载机组成与分类 6

2.1.2 装载机主要参数 6

2.1.3 装载机属具分类 7

2.2 装载机工作流程 9

2.3 本章小结 9

第三章 鹰嘴抱叉结构设计及三维建模 10

3.1 Pro/E 软件介绍 10

3.2 鹰嘴抱叉骨架的设计与建立 11

3.2.1 鹰嘴抱叉下叉体设计 12