摘要：社会沟通能力的缺失是自闭症儿童的核心障碍之一，自然情境教学法注重引发儿童的动机和兴趣，强调在自然的环境中对儿童进行教育，对儿童沟通技能的提升具有很大的帮助，因此有很多研究均证实了使用该方法来提高儿童的沟通技能是十分有效的。本研究在前人的研究基础上运用自然情境教学法中的提示、示范——提示两个策略对个案进行社会沟通能力的训练，旨在提高自闭症儿童的主动性口语沟通能力。
本研究以自然情境教学法中的示范、提示——示范两种策略加以环境的设置为自变量，以自闭症儿童的主动性口语沟通行为为因变量，设计了ABA倒返实验设计对一名自闭症儿童的口语沟通能力进行干预，实验分为基线阶段、干预阶段及维持阶段三个时期，分别记录了每个时期个案主动性口语沟通行为的次数，通过对记录数据的整理及图表分析，得到了以下结论：
1.本研究通过自然情境教学法对一名自闭症儿童进行口语沟通能力的训练，提高了个案主动性口语沟通的能力。
2.自然情境教学法的效果得到了个案老师的社会效度的支持。
3.本研究提高了个案主动沟通的意愿，增强了该儿童在生活中的主动性口语沟通能力，会主动用口语来表达自己的要求。
The lack of social communication ability is the core of children with autism disorders, the natural situation teaching method pay attention to children's motivation and interest, emphasize the education of children in the natural environment, are of great help to the promotion of children's communication skills, thus there are a lot of studies have confirmed that using this method to improve the communication skills of children is very effective.In this study of the natural situation teaching method on the basis of predecessors' research use tooltips, demonstration, two strategies to the case of social communication ability training, aimed at improving initiative of autistic children in oral.
In a natural situation teaching method in the demonstration, this study tips - two strategies to environmental demonstration set as independent variables, the initiative of the autistic children oral communication behavior as the dependent variable, designed the ABA fall back to experimental design for a intervention of children with autism in oral, the experiment is pided into the baseline stage, intervention phase and maintaining phase three times, respectively recorded case initiative spoken language communication behavior of the number of each period, through to the recorded data and chart analysis, obtained the following conclusions:
1. In this study, the oral communication ability of a child with autism was trained through the natural situational teaching method, and the ability of oral communication was improved.
2. The effect of natural situation teaching method is supported by the social validity of the case teacher.
3. This study improves the willingness of the case to communicate actively, enhances the children's active oral communication ability in life, and actively USES spoken English to express their own requirements.
关键词：自然情境教学法；自闭症；主动性口语沟通；个案研究
Keyword：milieu teaching; Autism; Proactive oral communication; A case study
摘要 3
关键词 4
1引言 5
1.1研究背景及意义 5
1.2问题的提出 7
2 研究方法 8
2.1研究对象 8 自然情境教学法促进自闭症儿童沟通行为的干预研究:http://www.chuibin.com/jiaoxue/lunwen_206411.html