摘  要：有关生育权性质的纠纷主要集中于其是宪法权利还是民事权利、是人格权还是身份权（这是集中在民事权利之下的生育权性质之争）。本文由四部分组成。第一部分，本文围绕生育权的性质之争介绍了宪法权利说、民事权利说、身份权说和人格权说，明确了生育权事实上不仅是一项宪法权利，也是一项民事权利，两者并不冲突，并表明关于生育权性质的争议主要存在于民事权利中，具体争论在于生育权到底是人格权还是身份权，同时表明本文是在民事权利的视野下展开讨论。第二部分是人格权和身份权之区别的概述，为后文展开的论述奠定了学理基础。第三部分，笔者通过对我国现行相关法律规定进行分析、对人格权与身份权在理论上进行区分比较这两条途径，得出生育权在实现上是身份权、在享有上是人格权的结论。在第四部分中，笔者进一步论述了婚姻框架内的生育权，得出生育权在夫妻间表现为平等的身份权的结论。

Abstract: The disputes about the nature of reproductive right mainly focus on whether it is a constitutional right or a civil right, a personality right or an identity right (which is a debate about the nature of reproductive right concentrated under civil right). This paper consists of four parts. The first part introduces the theory of constitutional right, civil right, identity right and personality right, then I make it clear that reproductive right is in fact not only a constitutional right but also a civil right, there is no conflict between the two, and indicate that the nature of reproductive right is largely a matter of civil right, the specific argument lies in whether the right to bear a child is the right of personality or the right of identity, at the same time, it shows that this article is discussed in the view of civil right. The second part is an overview of the distinctions between personality right and identity right, which lays a theoretical foundation for the later discussions. In the third part, by analyzing the relevant laws and regulations of our country, and by comparing the personality right and the identity right in theory, finally, in this part, I draw the conclusion that the reproductive right is the identity right in realization and the personality right in possession. In the forth part, I further discuss the reproductive right within the framework of marriage, and draw the conclusion that the reproductive right is the equal right of identity between husband and wife.

关键词：生育权；民事权利；人格权；身份权

Keyword: Reproductive Right; Civil Right; Personality Right; Identity Right 

目  录

引言 1

一、生育权的性质之争 1

（一）宪法权利说与民事权利说 1

1、宪法权利说（或人权说） 1

2、民事权利说 2

（二）身份权说和人格权说 2

1、身份权说 2

2、人格权说 2

（三）本文说明 3

二、人格权与身份权之区别的概述 3

三、生育权的实现与享有 4

（一）生育权在实现上是身份权 4

1、相关法律规定 4

2、生育权在实现上是身份权 5

（二）生育权在享有上是人格权 6

四、在婚姻框架内的生育权 民事权利视野下的生育权性质研究:http://www.chuibin.com/faxue/lunwen_205541.html