摘要：随着近年来全球气温的不断上升，冰川融化加剧，极地冰区很有可能实现通航。另外，由于两极地区蕴藏着极其丰富的油气资源，人类也会加大对极地资源的开发探索。然而，无论是航道开辟还是油气开采，人类必须考虑船冰碰撞问题。船冰碰撞不仅会影响船舶的操纵性，降低货物的运输率，还会危及驾驶员及乘客的安全。如何有效避免碰撞造成的损伤程度，保证乘员人身安全，是船冰碰撞领域目前研究的热门话题。
船冰碰撞过程是一个短时间非线性动态响应过程，很多因素都会对其造成影响。船冰碰撞过程会发生变形甚至失效。因此，研究两者之间的相互作用对船舶在冰区的航行有很大作用。
本文对船冰碰撞的研究，在一定程度上能够使驾驶员了解船舶在冰区航行的操纵性。且通过软件LS-DYNA模拟船冰碰撞过程，对冰区船舶的开发研究起到一定的推动作用。
本文回顾了船冰碰撞的历史事件，以此阐述本文的研究意义。然后简要介绍有限元分析软件，包括其发展历程和基本理论。借助软件LS-DYNA进行相关的建模、运算和仿真。通过改变碰撞条件，包括碰撞位置和速度，进行相关求解及仿真，并对各种碰撞结果进行分析和讨论。
关键词：冰-加筋板碰撞；冰-船碰撞；Von Mises 应力；碰撞力；变形曲线
Abstract：With the rising global temperatures in recent years, ice will melt obviously. The polar ice areas are likely to achieve to navigation. In addition, because the polar regions are rich in oil and gas resources, human beings will increase the development to explore polar resources. However, not only for the development of waterways, but also the oil and gas exploration, human beings must consider results in the problem of ship and ice collision. Ship-ice collision can not only affect the ship's maneuverability, reduction of transport rate of goods, but also the safety of drivers and passengers. It is a problem that effectively avoid of the damage caused by the collision, to ensure the safety of the occupants. It is the field of ice collision research hot topic.
Ships collision with ice is a short time nonlinear process, which can be influenced by a lot of factors. Therefore, it is very important to study the interaction between them in navigation.
In this paper, the collision of the ship and ice is studied, which may help to understand the ship navigation in the ice waterways. Through the software LS-DYNA simulate the collision process of ship and ice. The results will promote the development of ship design in ice.
It is reviewed the historical events of collision of ice and ships, and the significance of this paper. Then the finite element analysis software is briefly introduced, including its development process and basic theory. With the help of software LS-DYNA, the related modeling, calculation and simulation are completed. By changing the collision conditions, including the collision position and velocity, the correlation solution and simulation are carried out.The results of various collisions are analyzed and discussed.
Keywords: Ice -stiffened plate collision；Ice -ship collision；Von Mises stress；Collision force；Deformation curve
目 录
第一章 绪论 1
1.1研究背景及意义 1
1.3本文的主要研究内容 3
第二章 有限元基本理论 4
2.1有限元软件的发展历程 4
2.2 LS-DYNA理论基础 5
2.2.1 碰撞的积分算法 LS-DYNA冰碰撞下的船体结构动态响应分析模拟:http://www.chuibin.com/wuli/lunwen_206621.html