2.1 Theoretical Framework

This thesis made a review about two kinds of theories related to lead-in ways: Piaget’s Constructivism Learning Theory and Lochins’ psychological theory of the Primacy Effect.

2.1.1 Piaget’s Constructivism Learning Theory

Piaget advocates “student-centered” and argues that learning is based on learners’ constructivism, which means that learners produce knowledge and form meaning based on their experiences. This process has two key components, accommodation and assimilation. Assimilation causes learners to relate their new experiences to the old experiences (Piaget, J, 1981). Thus, we can learn from Piaget’s theory that students are the center of their study. Teachers need to consider their needs and interest and lead them to take an active part in class.

2.1.2 Lochins’ Primacy Effect

The American psychologist Lochins raised the Primacy Effect, which is also called the First Impression Effect. It suggests that the first impression can have the strongest and longest effect on us (Wan Yanan, 2016). Therefore, lead-in as the start of a class is a very important step. When appropriately used, it can leave a deep impression on students in the first place and then greatly promote students’ later learning, thus improve the effectiveness of classes.