摘    要：生态环境是人类赖以生存和发展的基本条件。但是随着经济的发展，环境问题日益突出。资源的过度开发、经营开发者对资源的不合理利用和排放，都在使生态环境愈发恶劣。仅仅凭借政府的力量和资金还远远不能达到修复生态环境的目的，应当寻求一种根本上的解决措施。因此，生态补偿制度成为了国内外关注的焦点。

本文的第一节从定义、特征和价值三个方面对生态补偿制度作了介绍。国内外学者对这一制度已经进行了较长时间的研究，不同领域对其有着不同的阐释。从不同的角度去理解，了解其特征，领悟其价值，是我们在探索生态补偿制度道路上迈出的第一步。

第二部分主要介绍了几个已经成功实行生态补偿制度的国家的经验，如美国、德国等。从他们获得成功的前例中，我们也可以得到启示。引进国外在实践这一制度过程中得出的优秀的经验，立足我国的国情去运用，有利于生态补偿制度的成功推行。

一个制度的普及是一个漫长的过程，在这一过程中会体现出我国在方法上的不足。本文的第三部分则是对我国生态补偿制度存在的问题及成因进行了分析。

第四部分则是针对我国生态补偿制度推行的现状，列举了一些对策。首先，要完善生态补偿制度的立法，做到有法可依；其次，应当强化市场调节机制，结合政府的宏观调控，才能弥补现有的不足；最后，要增强公众生态补偿的法律意识，每个人都扮演好自己的角色，是促进这一制度完善的关键。

Abstract：Ecological environment is the basic condition for human survival and development. However, with the development of economy, environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. The excessive exploitation and management of resources, the irrational utilization and emission of resources by developers, make the ecological environment worse. Only by virtue of the government's strength and funds can not achieve the goal of restoring the ecological environment. We should seek a fundamental solution. Therefore, the ecological compensation system has become the focus of attention at home and abroad. 

    The first section of this article introduces the ecological compensation system from three aspects: definition, characteristics and value. Scholars at home and abroad have studied this system for a long time, and different fields have different interpretations. Understanding from different angles, understanding its characteristics and understanding its value is the first step we have taken in exploring the ecological compensation system.

    The second part introduces several countries which have successfully implemented the ecological compensation system, such as the United States, Germany and so on. From their success of the previous example, we can get inspiration. The introduction of foreign experience in the process of the practice of this system has been based on China's national conditions and is conducive to the successful implementation of the ecological compensation system.

    The popularization of a system is a long process, and in this process, it will reflect the lack of methods in our country. The third part of this paper analyzes the existing problems and causes of ecological compensation system in china.

    The fourth part aims at the present situation of our country's ecological compensation system, and lists some countermeasures. First of all, to improve the ecological compensation system legislation, according to the law; secondly, we should strengthen the market regulation mechanism, combined with the government's macro-control, in order to make up the existing deficiencies; finally, to enhance public awareness of the law of ecological compensation, everyone plays their own role, is the key to promote this system perfect.