through dynamic routing and mobility management technology, multimedia information transmission with quality of service requirements flow. Usually the node with energy supply continued. Wireless sensor networks with wireless ad hoc networks have similarities, but there is great difference. Sensor network is integration of the monitoring, control and wireless communication network system, the number of nodes is large, a network with thousands or even tens of thousands of node; node distribution is more intensive; due to the depletion of environmental impact and energy, nodes are more prone to failure;
Wireless sensor network consists of a large number of sensor nodes and a base station (BS), the base station node communication with other network access, environment monitoring sensor node and will collect the data to the base station. However, its limited energy, directly transmit the data to the base station will consume a lot of energy (Fig. 1). The routing method for multi-hop is not ideal, because the nodes closest to the base station will soon die for routing a received data, resulting in the later arrival
data cannot be passed to the base station. Routing method of other nodes in the PEGASIS, only with communication neighbor nodes, nodes take turns sending the fusion data to BS, ant colony algorithm considering the energy of each node in the route to choose the shortest path at the same time, based on consumption, so as to select the path more appropriate.
The hardware part of the gateway mainly consists of a central processing unit, a storage unit, frequency transceiver module and GPRS communication module, as shown in Fig. 1. The central processing unit of gateway is mainly used to treat from the data collected by sensors and finish some control function. The central processing unit of function realization is still using FPGA in Alter Cyclone series and NIOS soft core embedded processor [6]. This design makes it can complete some functions of rich applications in low cost, low power conditions. In addition, it can be integrated many peripheral interface, USB2.0 interface and Ethernet interface.
communication. The agreement shall also include the compromise mechanism, the user can improve the throughput, lower delay in energy saving and make a choice between. In addition, protocol designers should pay attention to energy is not readily available. Node is in a sleep state or the cause of death unknown.
摘要：ZigBee技术是一种低复杂度、低功耗、低数据速率、低成本，适用于自动控制和远程控制的短距离、双向无线通信技术。无线传感器网络可以设置在恶劣的环境中，为了防止向网络提供虚假信息，需要实现基于无线传感器网络的多播源认证的安全性。因此，本文提出了无线传感器网络技术的2.4 GHz ZigBee和433 MHz的实施方案相结合。每个传感器节点可以收集，简单的计算环境数据，并与其他节点进行通信。提出了基于ZigBee技术发展新型组织结构的无线传感器网络协议。实验结果表明，该终端节点功耗极低，连续工作时间长，具有良好的自组织、自愈功能。
关键词：无线传感器网络 ZigBee 传感器节点
1引言
作为计算、通信和传感器三种技术相结合的无线传感器网络，是一种新的信息获取和处理技术。近年来，由于微制造技术、通信技术和电池技术的不断完善，使得微型传感器具有传感、无线通信和信息处理等功能。这种传感器不仅可以感知和检测目标对象和环境的变化，并且将采集到的数据和处理后的数据以无线传输的方式传输到数据采集中心或基站[1]。这种微小的传感器通常由传感器单元、数据处理单元和通信单元组成，通过自组织的方式构成了随机分布的网络集成。
作为一项新兴技术，无线传感器网络易于搭建，鲁棒性好，但仍然面临着许多挑战。由于无线传感器网络的一些特殊特性，使得无线传感器网络和现有的无线网络有所不同。例如，由于传感器节点在传感器网络分布密集，所以数据管理和处理技术范围大。其次，无线传感器网络节点部署在一般人无法到达和接触的区域，维护传感器网络节点面临着巨大的挑战。此外，功耗是一个非常重要的问题，无线传感器节点是一个微小的设备，具有有限的功率，在某些应用中，更换电源几乎是不可能的。 ZigBee技术无线传感器网络英文文献和中文翻译(4):http://www.chuibin.com/fanyi/lunwen_206557.html